Who was the brother of Ngo Dinh Diem who oversaw Saigon's drug, alcohol, and gambling syndicates and was killed in the coup?

• A. Ngo Dinh Nhu
• B. Vo Nguyen Giap
• C. Le Duan
• D. Phan Chu Trinh

Answer: (A)

Ngo Dinh Nhu, the brother of Ngo Dinh Diem, acted as the regime’s main political operator and head of the security apparatus, keeping Diem in power through a mix of repression, patronage, and intelligence control. In Saigon, his influence extended into networks tied to illicit activities, including drug, alcohol, and gambling operations, which helped sustain the regime’s grip on the city and reward loyalists. He and Diem were killed during the 1963 coup, bringing down the regime they supported together.

The other figures listed were not part of Diem’s family or the Saigon leadership structure. Vo Nguyen Giap was the North Vietnamese general who fought against the South, Le Duan a senior North Vietnamese political leader, and Phan Chu Trinh an earlier Vietnamese reformist figure.